The 769-P cell line is a human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line that was derived from a nephrectomy specimen of a 63-year-old female patient with renal cell adenocarcinoma in 1975. It is widely used in renal cell cancer research, particularly clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which is the most common and lethal form of kidney cancer in adults. The 769-P cell line retains many characteristics of primary RCC and harbors several mutations that are relevant to renal cell carcinoma. They exhibit a loss of function in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene, which is an important kidney cancer gene in ccRCC that can activate various oncogenic pathways including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and metabolic reprogramming. The 769-P cell line is used to understand the molecular mechanisms of kidney cancer pathogenesis, explore the efficacy of anticancer drugs, and investigate the mechanisms of drug resistance. These cells are particularly useful for studying the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which are a class of targeted therapies used in the treatment of RCC and RCC subtypes. The 769-P renal cancer cell line is further used to investigate the role of the tumor microenvironment in kidney cancer and to study cellular processes like apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and metastatic potential. Their responsiveness to hypoxic conditions makes them suitable for research into how ccRCC adapts to and thrives in low-oxygen environments found within solid tumors. In summary, the 769-P cell line and other RCC cell lines are indispensable tools in renal carcinoma research, providing insights into the pathogenesis of ccRCC, drug efficacy, and resistance mechanisms.
