A mixture of ganglioside GT1b with C18:1 and C20:1 sphingoid backbones, characterized by having two sialic residues linked to the inner galactose unit, binds to the neurotoxins BTxA, BTxA heavy chain, and tetanus toxin (IC50s = 11, 0.74, and 7.2 µM, respectively), ganglioside GT1b-containing liposomes can bind to the major coat protein VP1 from MCPyV, a putative MCPyV receptor, decreases production of IL-6, IL-10, IgG, IgM, and IgA in human PBMCs by 31.4, 30.5, 60, 59.5, and 58%, respectively, at 10 µM
