Pioglitazone is a clinically useful antidiabetic drug.1 It is a selective agonist of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 1(PPAR, EC50 = 490 nM2, 550nM3) with weak agonist activity at PPAR and no activity at PPAR.2 Inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism and glucose production in hepatocytes.4 Suppresses production of inflammatory cytokines and shows antidepressant-like activity in mouse models.5
